Rip SACD with a Blu-ray player

Transfer rates will depend on a whole range of variables, however, I suspect the BDP-S490 Ethernet port is 100MB which would be faster than a WLAN card using the 802.11n standard which is pretty common. No built in option for WLAN on the BDP-S490 though

That's how I understand it, this era (2012-13) of Sony Blu-ray players have a Fast Ethernet NIC capable of 100MB/s, and while the WiFi on the U.S. variant of these machines actually works quite well, the U.K. specific models for whatever reason omitted WLAN as a feature, perhaps the only difference between an S490 and S590.

It is generally speaking preferable to connect these units via Ethernet. WiFi will work more or less well depending on the exact operating conditions and network variables, but will be a bit slower and somewhat prone to interference where Ethernet is not.
 
Good evening and Happy Thanksgiving weekend to those celebrating in America, and a Happy Belated Thanksgiving to all of our (now frozen?) friends up in Canada whose harvest was completed over a month ago!

Tonight it is my pleasure to welcome another new member from the other side of the pond, adding to a recent influx here of new members from Europe.

I am very pleased @Nexus3 has joined us here on HFH, he brings a wealth of knowledge on the All Things Digital side of the ledger, and has made a huge and generous contribution on another forum's SACD ripping thread with regard to compiling mindset's new sacd_extract 3.9 for Linux, Mac, and Windows.

He's also big into multichannel, an area where personally I'm of little to no help at all. Please welcome @Nexus3 to HiFi Haven!
 
Salut chers audiophiles :patriot:,

Thank you MikeyFresh for that royal introduction, not sure I deserve it though :redface:.
Now lets get down to business, here are my latest compilations of setmind's great SACD ripping tools:

Code:
SACDExtractGUI v0.1-7-g135cbd5d

sacd_extract version 0.3.9@setmind-13-g58db5f16fcf410ae4d6aeca226a067b37ade136a


Linux x64 package: sacd_extract-LINUX-v0.3.9@setmind_git_2019-03-21.zip
MD5: FF47EC395B678CC44582EFDB0E40BD64
SHA256: FF92380AF6A27298101E306456969029A32254039699A94CF304D8D60F31B5F4


macOS x64 package: sacd_extract-MACOS-v0.3.9@setmind_git_2019-03-21.zip
MD5: BED8B05B5CB8C33AD6A51FCC8B6D0948
SHA256: 34C8CB2B30E621AA4A7275541E9A61D4F2A4F3DAB306D3B3E31325576C2B5FC2


Windows x64 package: sacd_extract-WINDOWS-v0.3.9@setmind_git_2019-03-21.zip
MD5: C880B01280993C4B40680B9C7CCC9CB4
SHA256: DFB0EBC6CC75E46E645902685EE69813D0FFEA24E94D9201E2BA46E396830260


Linux armhf package: sacd_extract-LINUX-armhf-RPi-v0.3.9@setmind_git_2018-10-08.zip
[works on Raspbian & should be useable on any other distro too]
MD5: F9C26BBFD0C80C32AD50B6626B903BD9
SHA256: A3AE75996AC6ACC58F7F51BAD931097A87848C4AB6F8F7B381615BEAC8F4A05E

For Linux and macOS users, there is one additional set-up step necessary, you must designate the sacd_extract file in the folder a Unix executable with a single line of code. Open Terminal and use the following command:
Code:
chmod +x

Followed by a single space after the above code. Now drag and drop the sacd_extract file onto the Terminal window, the file path/name will fill in/populate automatically. Press Enter.

Now close Terminal, sacd_extract will now appear as a Unix executable in the GUI's folder.

sacd_extract-GUI.PNG


Should the need for DSD audio players arise, please drop a note for what platform / operating system they might be required for.
I will publish the SW links in this thread though, to keep this one solely for ripping topics.

Happy ripping & USE THE TOOLS AT YOUR OWN RISK! :Deal
 
Nexus3 thanks for posting the tools, great stuff.

I set up the tools on my Windows 7 system and ripped successfully, thanks ! In terms of speed then I didn’t see any major difference between 3.7 and 3.9. I was already getting good speed on 3.7. although 3.9 was very slightly
faster……..2.96mb/sec versus 2.97mb/sec using same disc (2ch).

I also tried ripping both the 2 channel and multi channel audio at the same time and that worked a treat with a speed of 3.18mb/sec (see screenshot)

v3-9-rip-stereo-and-mch.jpg


BTW...what's the calculation refer to on the last line, 113.6MB?

I did notice that the file sizes were different between the 3.7 and 3.9 rips, the 3.9 rips being slightly smaller in some but not all cases. I assume this is because 3.9 defaults to “padding-less DSF” whereas 3.7 does not.

dsf-padding.jpg


I did a second rip to confirm with padding enabled using 3.9 and the file sizes were identical to the 3.7 rips.

This did get my thinking a little more about rip validation and AccurateRip etc. I guess there’s no way to validate any of the rips other than rely on “sacd_extract” to report errors appropriately?

Thanks again for your post
 
Last edited:
I think that's the file size of track #20.

Mike....I did wonder that but the last file on the MCH rip is approx 283MB? Having said that in the 2CH rip the file size is 90MB as reported in the second screenshot.
 
Mike....I did wonder that but the last file on the MCH rip is approx 283MB? Having said that in the 2CH rip the file size is 90MB as reported in the second screenshot.

Hmm, I wonder if that's the size of the DST compressed track that was then unfolded to 283MB?

I'm pretty sure on stereo rips that the last line is reporting the size of the final track completed, but I'll test it out right now to double check.

EDIT: On a stereo rip its somewhat close but still not the exact number, Extract reporting on that final "Completed" line 216.4MB while the folder shows the final track to be 223.4MB in size.

EDIT #2: After further review this difference is attributable to 2 things: the first is my appending of album art and manipulation of the meta data in the .dsf files (which of course affects their size), and the second being my Mac reporting the file size in MB while sacd_extract reports in MiB.
 
The DST compression could well account for the difference in size for the MCH rip I suppose.

Your stereo rip differences are interesting, I guess we would need to know how the extract figure is calculated?

An AccurateRip type db would be useful here?
 
@mike & MikeyFresh


Maybe you need some common ground to start your comparison?

Since you presumably both own the Moon album of Pink Floyd, why not do a basic comparison on the result types which should not differ at all, regardless what sacd_extract flavour is used.

1. Create a hash value (MD5 or SHA-256) of the full album file (ISO-rip)
2. Hash the individual tracks (rip to .DFF)


Happy hunting the bit-imperfections ;-)
 
@MikeyFresh

My Dark Side album is EMI 7243 582136 2 1 (2003)

Size: 4166125568 bytes (3973 MiB)
SHA256: 8D31289972ED8B33E29AA1E89BBFCEE702ACA2791DB2132437443D3CE47800E1

I'll rip all the tracks again (2CH & MCH) as DFF (DSDIFF) with DST decompression selected and then calculate the hash values. I'll also take note of that confusing number at the end of the rip to see if we get the same number!

Be back shortly :)
 
Track hashes below....

Name: 01 - Pink Floyd - Speak To Me.dff
Size: 49703196 bytes (47 MiB)
SHA256: 4733B8F76A0540C85F9A8259E36DD16EB3044CA7B16D47DEEBCE920E6A154FBC

Name: 02 - Pink Floyd - Breathe.dff
Size: 119284756 bytes (113 MiB)
SHA256: B6485CB9E9104D65F40DDCDB05378DD44D7A7195E02E9FE44F8309DF15A4AA30

Name: 03 - Pink Floyd - On The Run.dff
Size: 147960344 bytes (141 MiB)
SHA256: EE9C6CFF0312E57A840F84C39C4919ADA6196E673E0244FFDED3A75A079CC48B

Name: 04 - Pink Floyd - Time.dff
Size: 302872460 bytes (288 MiB)
SHA256: CB1E9EEAFF955A11395771223AB63A86D41023553DDFF151A6924DDDF52BE2D3

Name: 05 - Pink Floyd - The Great Gig In The Sky.dff
Size: 200833332 bytes (191 MiB)
SHA256: 1428A65C0161F895369480326B63CDC7B00A658AABB09D45FF29B6BD746FE046

Name: 06 - Pink Floyd - Money.dff
Size: 269511696 bytes (257 MiB)
SHA256: 405BA81850946F221BC6722A74FEB10509648787D2C18FCDD8D0637F92E1E915

Name: 07 - Pink Floyd - Us And Them.dff
Size: 331209372 bytes (315 MiB)
SHA256: 008D9C9CFF34C6A5D4E875049C7CDA945D249FD6D20D30004C42DC2E0F804ABB

Name: 08 - Pink Floyd - Any Colour You Like.dff
Size: 144912172 bytes (138 MiB)
SHA256: 8E312FC7A04A4586E3AE7ACF298814D881030F1356F8735131F7421DAE52908C

Name: 09 - Pink Floyd - Brain Damage.dff
Size: 160614108 bytes (153 MiB)
SHA256: A8766BFF400CF226ABA609E459446CB6B9078FC7A96984341B412793F39AD090

Name: 10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff
Size: 92876500 bytes (88 MiB)
SHA256: 564AA59850CEC210BA967A3C11C98728088928C4C6433D1612BFA23BD252A173

Name: 01 - Pink Floyd - Speak To Me.dff
Size: 149108140 bytes (142 MiB)
SHA256: 791B4F7CFC986C75FCE9246E051C3A088B7BDFCC8BCB8F3D4FD9CA8790D78511

Name: 02 - Pink Floyd - Breathe.dff
Size: 357655268 bytes (341 MiB)
SHA256: CD1625F876278965DA6BCF7873F4720E4721625700CD5671105A32FD50405055

Name: 03 - Pink Floyd - On The Run.dff
Size: 449298600 bytes (428 MiB)
SHA256: D82F04AA5601070E4DF22FBFA3DCE2A6B4895555096B1E54E988D674EA38DA30

Name: 04 - Pink Floyd - Time.dff
Size: 903196956 bytes (861 MiB)
SHA256: 7436508559736EFF1E2235673D4E7E88032DB0CDA38BD7F20580D28EC14F9282

Name: 05 - Pink Floyd - The Great Gig In The Sky.dff
Size: 602498500 bytes (574 MiB)
SHA256: 12EC7424AFC5C731FC00F1AB766184F109F2D1B83FABD64B5AB7CC0A78910315

Name: 06 - Pink Floyd - Money.dff
Size: 808533664 bytes (771 MiB)
SHA256: 28A98261E9FB81B99CDA99663049D95227B77863A17EF8D3546B2AB8DC86DB1A

Name: 07 - Pink Floyd - Us And Them.dff
Size: 993626668 bytes (947 MiB)
SHA256: 04E70CF13F751762E7498BBD657B590F2A704FAB2AACCA3F7092DA373E45481F

Name: 08 - Pink Floyd - Any Colour You Like.dff
Size: 434735036 bytes (414 MiB)
SHA256: FB9EB1DA5A08D511599BF20F90C965889390C70D3BD98950FA3240FC6186CED4

Name: 09 - Pink Floyd - Brain Damage.dff
Size: 483223852 bytes (460 MiB)
SHA256: 7F6E3C6B81608730BDF1AAC026B140D8A7BCC9517319CB5A6384C09FC2C2EE31

Name: 10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff
Size: 283002788 bytes (269 MiB)
SHA256: B9B8F873D9D7246F0E0F3F9A5F07549BE4A2FD8FB011BDD132BA4FE8C238474B

See the processing details below from the GUI window.......still don't get what the very last line of processing is referring to????

SACDExtractGUI v0.1-5-g97d05f95
https://github.com/setmind/SACDExtractGUI.git

Use of this program that results in any form of copyright infringement is strictly prohibited.

[RUNNING][sacd_extract.exe, -i, 192.168.1.10:2002, -p, -c, -2, -m, -o, C:\SACD1]

DSDIFF output: C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]
DSDIFF output: C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]

Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\01 - Pink Floyd - Speak To Me.dff] (1/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\02 - Pink Floyd - Breathe.dff] (2/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\03 - Pink Floyd - On The Run.dff] (3/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\04 - Pink Floyd - Time.dff] (4/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\05 - Pink Floyd - The Great Gig In The Sky.dff] (5/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\06 - Pink Floyd - Money.dff] (6/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\07 - Pink Floyd - Us And Them.dff] (7/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\08 - Pink Floyd - Any Colour You Like.dff] (8/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\09 - Pink Floyd - Brain Damage.dff] (9/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff] (10/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\01 - Pink Floyd - Speak To Me.dff] (11/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\02 - Pink Floyd - Breathe.dff] (12/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\03 - Pink Floyd - On The Run.dff] (13/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\04 - Pink Floyd - Time.dff] (14/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\05 - Pink Floyd - The Great Gig In The Sky.dff] (15/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\06 - Pink Floyd - Money.dff] (16/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\07 - Pink Floyd - Us And Them.dff] (17/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\08 - Pink Floyd - Any Colour You Like.dff] (18/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\09 - Pink Floyd - Brain Damage.dff] (19/20)..
Processing [C:\SACD1\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff] (20/20)..
Completed: 100% (113.6MB), Total: 100% (113.6MB) at 3.19MB/secWe are done..

 
OK, I'll re-rip this disc as DFF when I get home later.

In the meantime, I still don't know what that last line in Extract is referring to, but could the size discrepancy I noted yesterday between what Extract reported and what my Mac thinks the Stereo track file size is be due to the difference between MiB and MB, or their sometimes interchangeable use, when really they aren't the same thing at all?

It's very close, but still off by a little bit.
 
I can do that for .dsf tracks too, no?

Well it isn't advisable for this specific operation, since DSF supports tagging and afaik some older sacd_extract versions leave their "signature" as tag comment (can be checked e.g. foobar2000).


@mike
Since you used the -c switch to decompress DST to raw DSD, my assumption is as follow:

Name: 10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff
Size: 92876500 bytes (88 MiB)
SHA256: 564AA59850CEC210BA967A3C11C98728088928C4C6433D1612BFA23BD252A173

Name: 10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff
Size: 283002788 bytes (269 MiB)
SHA256: B9B8F873D9D7246F0E0F3F9A5F07549BE4A2FD8FB011BDD132BA4FE8C238474B

MULTICHANNEL DST file (.dff) Total: 113.6MB


To lift this mystery once and for all, just do:
Code:
sacd_extract.exe, -i, 192.168.1.10:2002, -p, -2, -m, -t 10, -o, C:\DST
 
@Nexus3

Thanks.....you are correct :)

Here is the extract detail.....

SACDExtractGUI v0.1-5-g97d05f95
https://github.com/setmind/SACDExtractGUI.git

Use of this program that results in any form of copyright infringement is strictly prohibited.

[RUNNING][sacd_extract.exe, -i, 192.168.1.10:2002, -p, -2, -m, -t, 10, -o, C:\DST]

DSDIFF output: C:\DST\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]
DSDIFF output: C:\DST\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]


Processing [C:\DST\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]\10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff] (1/2)..
Processing [C:\DST\Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]\10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff] (2/2)..
Completed: 100% (113.6MB), Total: 100% (113.6MB) at 3.28MB/secWe are done..

Why do you think it's displaying that message at the end of the extract when I requested that the DST be decompressed to raw DSD? Just the way the program works?
 
My Dark Side album is EMI 7243 582136 2 1 (2003)

Mine too, although in the U.S. it is labeled Capitol Records for distribution purposes (same exact SKU number however).


SACDExtractGUI v0.1-5-g97d05f95
https://github.com/setmind/SACDExtractGUI.git

Use of this program that results in any form of copyright infringement is strictly prohibited.

[RUNNING][/Applications/SACDExtractGUI/sacd_extract, -i, 10.0.1.36:2002, -p, -c, -2, -m, -o, /Volumes/PATRIOT]

DSDIFF output: /Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]
DSDIFF output: /Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]


Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/01 - Pink Floyd - Speak To Me.dff] (1/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/02 - Pink Floyd - Breathe.dff] (2/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/03 - Pink Floyd - On The Run.dff] (3/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/04 - Pink Floyd - Time.dff] (4/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/05 - Pink Floyd - The Great Gig In The Sky.dff] (5/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/06 - Pink Floyd - Money.dff] (6/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/07 - Pink Floyd - Us And Them.dff] (7/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/08 - Pink Floyd - Any Colour You Like.dff] (8/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/09 - Pink Floyd - Brain Damage.dff] (9/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [stereo]/10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff] (10/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/01 - Pink Floyd - Speak To Me.dff] (11/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/02 - Pink Floyd - Breathe.dff] (12/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/03 - Pink Floyd - On The Run.dff] (13/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/04 - Pink Floyd - Time.dff] (14/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/05 - Pink Floyd - The Great Gig In The Sky.dff] (15/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/06 - Pink Floyd - Money.dff] (16/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/07 - Pink Floyd - Us And Them.dff] (17/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/08 - Pink Floyd - Any Colour You Like.dff] (18/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/09 - Pink Floyd - Brain Damage.dff] (19/20)..
Processing [/Volumes/PATRIOT/Pink Floyd - Dark Side Of The Moon [multi]/10 - Pink Floyd - Eclipse.dff] (20/20)..
Completed: 100% (113.6MB), Total: 100% (113.6MB) at 3.11MB/secWe are done..

There's that 113.6MB number again, only this time ripped on an S590 and MacBook Air over WiFi in NY, and running just a bit slower than @mike 's S490 on Windows over Ethernet in the U.K.

Track hashes below....

Stereo

Name: 01 - Pink Floyd - Speak To Me.dff
Size: 49703196 bytes (47 MiB)
SHA256: 4733B8F76A0540C85F9A8259E36DD16EB3044CA7B16D47DEEBCE920E6A154FBC


For comparison, the track 1 (stereo) file information from my rip:

GetInfo.webp

So it yields the exact same file size as your U.K. disc does, but I'm having some difficulty on the CLI with the SHA256 hash value generation. I might abort that and search for a suitable Mac utility to use instead of the CLI.

I'd also like to take a moment to suggest that this particular aspect of ripping SACD might warrant it's own separate thread topic here at HFH. To date we've done a good job of keeping the thread clean and focused on the ripping task itself, and I'd very much like to keep it that way.

About 2+ years ago this subject was visited by the original PS3 ripping brigade when the Blu-ray player method was first spawned. At that time it was found that early rips (as early as 2011) done on the PS3 were bit perfect/identical to a newer Blu-ray player rip of the very same disc. That made perfect sense, given both the old and new rips were done using Mr. Wicked's fantastic SACD Extract.

While the above does not constitute any kind of AccurateRip database, it was good enough for me, as I primarily wish to just get the rips done with, and move on to the actual DSD file music listening.

So while this is an interesting topic and might warrant a new thread with a focus on creating a database of ripped disc file information, it is decidedly not a necessary requirement for newcomers (or anyone else) to consider in the overall context of ripping SACD, to date there is absolutely no indication the rips are not accurate or bit perfect.
 
Well we now know what the number at the end relates to although not sure why it's displaying that number when the rip set for the DST be decompressed to raw and only seems to do that on last track. Not a massive issue now we know what the number is :)

Good idea to move to another thread (maybe "general related issues"), point taken on getting the rips done and enjoying the music.
 
Evening folks,

Why do you think it's displaying that message at the end of the extract when I requested that the DST be decompressed to raw DSD? Just the way the program works?

I must conclude that sacd_extract shows the source file size (e.g. DST for MCH) of tracks only.
Naturally you both expected that the target file size should be shown in the rip status section.


I'd also like to take a moment to suggest that this particular aspect of ripping SACD might warrant it's own separate topic here at HFH. To date we've done a good job of keeping the thread clean and focused on the ripping task itself, and I'd very much like to keep it that way.

Granted - may I suggest putting rip logs or other potential "visual obstructions" into QUOTE and / or CODE formatting, this should improve the reading ability and scrolling.

I really don't want to beat a dead horse longer than needed, but if that source file size (per track) got you that "confused", it might be merited to ask mindset whether he can retune the whole information / ripping status log section.

What do you think about a track line, showing which track is currently ripped and its source (processed) file size (value always equal to DST).
And secondly about a total data summary line, showing the overall target size ripped (written) so far (value depends on ripping option used).
Last but not least a total elapsed time info, would also be welcome from a user's standpoint IMHO.

So what do you think, shall we approach mindset about this pettiness of pure statistical nature? :chin
 
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